TMSS Medical College Journal

Background: Iron deficiency Anaemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anaemia not only in Bangladesh but even worldwide. In iron deficiency anaemia several changes in haematological parameter have been reported. Therefore a relationship between iron metabolism and haematological change should be considered Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the haematological parameter change in children with IDA. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in TMSS medical college, Bogra, and Popular Diagnostic Centre Ltd., Bogra from April 2016 to April 2017 to determine the haematological parameter change in iron deficiency anaemia. Blood samples from 106 anaemic patients (58 male and 48 female.) and 50 controls were analyzed. Haematological parameters like Haemoglobin, MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH (mean corpuscular haemoglobin), MCHC (mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration), RDW (red cell distribution width) platelet parameter (such as platelet count, platelet crit, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width) were evaluated and other routine haemogram were studied. Biochemical parameters like serum iron, serum ferritin and total iron binding capacity were measured. Results: Out of 156 anaemic patients 106 had two biochemical parameters decreased and were diagnosed as iron deficiency anaemia. In IDA the mean haemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, was decreased and platelet count were increased and in some cases were decreased. The mean serum iron, mean serum ferritin were decreased and mean total iron binding capacity were increased. Significant correlation was observed between haemoglobin level with MCHC, platelet parameter serum iron, ferritin and total iron binding capacity. ANOVA (Analysis of variance) showed significant p value in IDA and control in all haematological parameters and three biochemical parameters. Analysis between IDA and anaemia with no biochemical parameters decreased showed significant difference in all the haematological and biochemical parameters. Conclusion: ANOVA showed significant statistical difference in all the haematological and biochemical parameters except TIBC between anaemic patients with decreased two of the three biochemical parameters and control. Analysis of variance test between iron deficiency anaemia and control subject with only one of three biochemical parameter decreased showed that this group does not have iron deficiency.

Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common haematological disorder in the community. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. Without enough iron, human body cannot produce enough hemoglobin; as a result, iron deficiency anemia causes tiredness and short breath. Worldwide, the most important cause of iron deficiency anemia is parasitic infection caused by hookworms, whipworms, and roundworms, in which intestinal bleeding caused by the worms may lead to undetected blood loss in the stool. These are especially important problems in growing children.! Malaria infections that destroy red blood cells (although the iron is recycled) and chronic blood loss caused by hookworms (where the iron is lost) contribute to anemia during pregnancy in most developing countries 2.