TMSS Medical College Journal

Background: The nephrotic syndrome is a constellation of abnormalities that includes massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and edema. Lipid abnormalities has an important biochemical basis in the disease process of adult nephrotic syndrome patients. Dyslipidemia in nephrotic syndrome involved in the cardiovascular risk and also accelerates the progression of glomerular dysfunction. Objective: 1. To determines the lipid profile of patients with nephrotic syndrome. 2. To determine the relationship between TC, TAG, HDL-C and LDL-C with serum albumin. Methods: This observational study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, during the period of July 2013 to June 2014. A total number fifty (50) study subjects, age range from 20-50 years of both sexes were selected. Serum lipid profile and S. albumin were assessed. Mean values of the variables were determined. Correlations between variables were determined by Pearson's correlation test by using SPSS for windows version 20.0. For all the statistical analysis p<0.05 was considered as significant. Result: Mean (:SD) values of serum total cholesterol (Tchol), TAG, HDL-C and LDL-C in adult nephrotic syndrome patients were 288.23+35.67, 174.53418.86, 23.71:44.58 and 231.16+34.28 respectively. Mean value of serum albumin levels in study subjects was 1.874054. Significant (p<0.05) negative correlation was found between S. albumin and Tehol (r= -0.387), TAG(— 0.325), LDL-C (= 40.321) and significant (p=0.05) positive correlation was found between S. albumin and HDL-C (r= 0.233). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is associated with adult nephrotic syndrome and possess a significant relationship between dyslipidemia and hypoalbuminemia which could predispose them to develop coronary artery disease.

Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical entity with multiple causes characterized by increased glomerular permeability and manifested by massive proteinuria.! Nephrotic syndrome is represented as urinary total protein excretion more than 3.5 gm/day, low serum albumin level (< 2.5gm/dl) and peripheral edema Nephrotic syndrome can affect any age, although it is found with a ratio of adults to children of 26:13 The incidence of nephrotic syndrome is 90-100/ million in the Indian subcontinent including Bangladesh.* Nephrotic syndrome is a chronic relapsing disease. Relapse is also higher in children of Bangladesh which is 36.4%. This frequent or infrequent relapse in the nephrotic syndrome may continue even in adult age.’ Lipid abnormalities have an important biochemical abnormalities in nephrotic syndrome. Although pathophysiological aspects of abnormal lipid metabolism have not been completely identified, hypoalbuminemia, increases lipoprotein synthesis and decreases lipoprotein lipase activity are described as the important causal factor.