TMSS Medical College Journal

Objective: To explore the epidemiological pattern of anorectal diseases in Rafatullah Community Hospital. Methods: An retrospective study was conducted to assess and determine the anorectal disease pattern at Rafatullah Community Hospital (RCH), Bogra, Bangladesh. Results: Among these 268 patients, 163 (60.8%) patients were female and 105 (39.2%) patients were male. Among the registered patients the lowest age of the patient was 7 and highest was 76 years. The variable ‘age’ was further grouped as 7-20 years group 1, 21- 30 years group 2, 31-40 years group 3, 41-50 years group 4, 51-60 years group 5, 61-70 years group 6 and 70 years were in group 7. According to the age groups, Group-1 had 17 (6.3%), Group-2 had 80 (29.9%), Group-3 had 70 (26.1%), Group-4 had 64 (23.9%), Group-5 had 21 (7.8%), Group-6 had 11 (4.1%) and group-7 had 4 (1.5%) of patients. The study showed that majority of the cases were Anal Fissure 48.9% (n=131), second major cases were Hemorrhoids 19.8% (n=53,), 3rd were with Normal Findings 11.6% (n=31,). Among the other major cases Anal Fistula 8.2% (n=22), Carcinoma Rectum 2.6%(n=7) and Sentinel Piles 2.2% (n=6). Conclusion: Proctoscopy in anorectal diseases increases the accuracy of diagnosis.

Diseases of the rectum and anus are common phenomena. Their prevalence in the general population is probably much higher than that seen in our clinical practices. The most patients with symptoms referable to the anus and rectum usually do not seek medical attention. The examination and diagnosis of certain anorectal disorders can be challenging, it is a matter of concern that clinical examination of anorectum is infrequently performed in general medical practice. Anorectal disorders include a diverse group of pathologic disorders that generate significant patient discomfort and disability. Although these are frequently encountered in general medical practice, they often receive only casual attention and temporary relief. The diagnosis and management of hemorrhoids, fissures, and pruritus ani, account on rough estimates, for more than 81% of the complaints centering around this part of the human anatomy1 . A systematic approach to patients with anorectal complaints allows for an accurate and efficient diagnosis of the underlying problem. The process can be interviewing the client, clinical examination, and co- relation of information. Throughout the process, the patient should be reassured and made as comfortable as possible. The key to diagnosis remains the patient history and confirmation by anoscope and proctoscope. There are few studies carried out on the epidemiologic on anorectal disorders in Bangladesh, specially on proctoscopic prevalence of anorectal disease. As proctoscopic examination provides more accurate diagnosis, the prevalence of common anorectal diseases can be more accurately determined.