TMSS Medical College Journal

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and shows wide variation in how it behaves and how patients respond to treatment. Identifying dependable molecular biomarkers that are linked to prognosis and sociodemographic factors is important for improving personalized care. Collagen type X alpha 1 chain (COL10A1) has recently gained attention as a possible biomarker because of its role in tumor progression and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Objective: To assess the prognostic value of COL10A1 overexpression in breast cancer patients and to examine its relationship with selected sociodemographic and clinicopathological characteristics. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry, Dhaka medical college, Dhaka in collaboration with Institute for Population and Precision Health, Department of Public Health Science, the University of Chicago, USA from July 2022 to June 2023 after receiving approval from Research Review Committee and Ethical Review Committee. Thirty-four female patients with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer were recruited from the Department of General Surgery and the Breast Clinic of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). Sociodemographic and clinical information was collected using a structured questionnaire, and COL10A1 gene expression was measured from tumor tissues using standard molecular techniques. Statistical analyses were performed to explore associations between COL10A1 expression, sociodemographic factors, and prognostic indicators. Results: A considerable number of patients showed overexpression of COL10A1. Higher expression levels were significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, lymph node involvement, and other poor prognostic features. Differences in COL10A1 expression were also noted among various age groups and socioeconomic categories, suggesting a possible link between expression patterns and sociodemographic background. Conclusion: COL10A1 overexpression appears to be a promising prognostic biomarker in breast cancer. Its strong association with adverse clinicopathological characteristics indicates that it may be useful for risk assessment and personalized treatment planning, particularly in settings with limited resources.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide Global cancer statistics indicate that breast cancer constitutes a significant proportion of female cancer incidence and deaths, with a rising burden particularly evident in low- and middle-income counts.’ In Bangladesh, breast. cancer represents a significant public health challenge, with many patients presenting at advanced stages due to delayed diagnosis, low Screening uptake, and limited access to specialized oncology services; these factors contribute 10 poor outcomes and underscore the need for improved awareness, early detection programs, and strenglhened cancer care infrastructure. These challenges. ofien result in late-stage. presentation and unfivorable clinical outcomes.