TMSS Medical College Journal

Background: The main objective was to study the prescribing pattern of antibiotic in a tertiary care hospital to assess the frequency and prescribing practice of antibiotics. In order to improve the prescription quality and promoting rational prescription pattern, there is an obligatory need to investigate the factors that affect doctors' prescription patterns. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study in a tertiary medical college hospital during the period of January 2024 to June 2024 which was conducted on 300 prescriptions collected from different outpatient and inpatient department. Data were collected from the prescriptions and subjected to analyze by performing descriptive statistics. Results: In the present study, the prescription was assessed and found that the maximum number of patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years, and the proportion of male patients were more compared to the female patients. Also observed that the frequency of antibiotics were 1, 2, and 3 or > 3 prescribed to 55 %, 26 %, and 19 % respectively. Among the all group of antibiotics cephalosporins was found to be prescribed to the largest number (36.47 %) of patients, followed by Antifungals (16.36%), Quinolones (10.57 %), Antiamoebics (10.2 9%), Penicillin (9.76 %), Macrolides (8.31%) and others were (8.24%). Among the antibiotics cefixime, ciprofloxacin, itraconazole, amoxicillin, metronidazole and azithromycin were most chosen drugs. Percentages (%) of antibiotic prescribed to male were much higher than female patients. Conclusion: This study revealed that percentage of antibiotic was high and most of the antibiotic was given without culture and sensitivity.

Sir Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin in 1928 marked the start of the antibiotic revolution, which fundamentally altered the direction of modern medicine. Antibiotics have successfully increased lifespan of patients everywhere. In hospitals around the world, antibiotics are currently the most frequently prescribed medications. The widespread use of antibiotics is seen in hospitals has enhanced the quality of care. However, using antibiotics excessively or inappropriately results in greater drug resistance.’ So the rational use of antibiotics is a serious challenge and become a major health need to the health care professionals against development of resistance.” Some factors that contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance are antibiotics over prescribing even for viral infections, incomplete duration of antibiotics, inadequate patient counseling, and over the-counter availability of antibiotics.” Sometimes doctors claimed to prescribe antibiotic as per patient’s demand.® In Bangladesh, 55.57 % of the doctors prescribe antibiotics for suspected infections while only 33.46 % do so for confirmed cases. Moreover, 37.31 % of doctors prescribe antibiotics for pleasing the patients whereas 62.69% denied such undue influence.